TOPIC 5; INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

TOPIC 05; Internet Applications and World Wide Web 

The internet is the largest network in the world that connects people/organization all over the world. It is a global system interconnected networks that uses the standard internet protocol to serve billions of user. 

The internet is used for various purpose such as;
Finding general information /Accessing Information.
Sending (uploading) or receiving (downloading) files between computers.
Sharing resources
To Correspond/meet with people
Shopping for product and services
History of the internet
1960= U.S Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) began to study ways to interconnect network in various kinds.
“ARPANET”- Advanced Research Project Agency Network (1969).
ARPANET quickly evolved and combined with other network.
1986= U.S National Science Foundation (NSF) initiated the development of National Science Foundation Network (NSFNET) which became major component of INTERNET.
1986- Now= INTERNET.
The services provided by the internet include Email, World Wide Web, Protocal, Chat room, Instant messaging, and IR.
Internet services;

The Web;
it was created by Tim Berners Lee and contains hypertext links, or highlighted keywords and images that lead to related information.A web is organized using documents called web pages. A collection of linked Web pages that has a common theme or focus is called a Web site.
A Website is a collection of the documents.
Uniform Resource Locators; used to identify a Web page's exact location. URL  is a four-part addressing scheme that tells the  Web browser: transfer protocol, the domain name, the pathname of the folder or directory on the computer on which the file resides, and the name of the file.

Web: Hypertext Markup Language (HTML); which is the mark up language for displaying web pages and other information that can be displayed in a web browser.

The following are required in order to access the Web;

• Internet connection
• Internet Service Provider
• then you need special software called a browser to access the Web.

Also the internet service can be provided by internet service provider (ISP) which is a  commercial organization that sells temporary connections to subscribers.

Transfer protocol; which is the set of rules/ software that the computers use to move files from one computer to another on the Internet. The most common transfer protocol used on the Internet is the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and FTP.

Chat Rooms; is a channel/medium/location on Internet that allow people to chat with each other for examples Real chat, Yahoo Message Chat Room.

VoIP; (Voice Over Internet Protocol) OR “Internet Telephony”. Allows users to make phone call/ video calls/ speak to others over the internet. for example Skype.

News Groups (Forum); Electronic bulletin board that allow people to conduct discussions about specific topic/subject.